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story category DNS Hacks: 'Phishing 2.0'
Phishing gets more sophisticated
(old news - 06:15PM Wednesday Dec 12 2007)
tags: security · scam
Tipped by TK Junk Mail See Profile
Researchers at Google and the Georgia Institute of Technology are investigating a "virtually undetectable" form of attack that will quietly direct unsuspecting Internet users to phishing websites and other scams. According to IDG News, an upcoming study will investigate a new generation of phishing attack wherein code hijacks a user's DNS settings, directing them to hacked open recursive DNS servers and scam websites.

As far as we can tell this isn't really new, as scammers have been mucking with user DNS settings for at least four years. It's the coordinated level of sophistication that worries researchers. From the report:
Here's how an attack would work. A victim would visit a Web site or open a malicious attachment that would exploit a bug in his computer's software. Attackers would then change just one file in the Windows registry settings, telling the PC to go to the criminal's server for all DNS information. If the initial exploit code was not stopped by antivirus software, the attack would give attackers virtually undetectable control over the computer.
According to the researchers, as many as 0.4 percent, or 68,000 open-recursive DNS servers are now "behaving maliciously," returning false answers to DNS queries.

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Forums » DNS Hacks: 'Phishing 2.0'
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Post a:
manhole

join:2000-09-12
Modesto, CA
clubs:

Shut them down

Can't ICANN shut them down by pulling their IP assignments? Any DNS server that publicly returns false information should be shut down.

JamesPC

join:2005-10-12
Orange, CA

Re: Shut them down

said by manhole See Profile :

Can't ICANN shut them down by pulling their IP assignments? Any DNS server that publicly returns false information should be shut down.
ICANN, does not have the man power to regulate all the DNS servers. But you are right that misinformation can cripple the internet. This problem really lies with the major ISPs and backbone operators. Its up to there IT department to have strategy in place when something like that would happen. I work at a ISP in downtown Los Angeles and we get a denial of service attack (DOD) about every one to two weeks. This particular hack sounds tricky, maybe some time of software to check DNS entries multiple times during day?

rosco
Premium
join:2003-11-10
Catskill, NY

This will fool quite a few people.

When the address bar shows the correct address, which is what people are being taught to look for...but now they will be on the website of the phisher's choosing.
Now people will have to make sure that the security certificate exists, and that it is legit for the site they think they are on.

KrK
Heavy Artillery For The Little Guy
Premium
join:2000-01-17
Tulsa, OK

Re: This will fool quite a few people.

Sounds like Antivirus etc software will have to start monitoring a PC's DNS settings.

en102
Canadian, eh?

join:2001-01-26
Valencia, CA

Re: This will fool quite a few people.

ISP's must keep their DNS legit as well.
By implementing 'zone finder' and many other DNS redirects, its becoming more difficult to find out what is legit anymore.
--
Canada = Hollywood North

DHRacer
Fire Survivor

join:2000-10-10
Lake Arrowhead, CA
·Charter Pipeline
·Verizon west (ex G..

Actually sounds more like a job for the software firewall (Windows Firewall and others) where you can establish the correct (and protected) numbers and the firewall can check the NIC as is queries DNS to make sure the software running on the computer matches the DNS the firewall knows is correct.
--
"No one will believe you solved this problem in one day! We've been working on it for months. Now, go act busy for a few weeks and I'll let you know when it's time to tell them." (R&D Supervisor, Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing /3M Corp.)

KrK
Heavy Artillery For The Little Guy
Premium
join:2000-01-17
Tulsa, OK

Re: This will fool quite a few people.

That would work too. Settings inside your router, perhaps?

Mercurybird
Premium
join:2004-06-24
Hooks, TX
·Allegiance Communi..
·CableOne

Wierd...

Along these lines... today I got one of the newsletters from Microsoft in the email that I'm subscribed to. At the time I was test driving Eeye's Blink software. Lo and behold it popped up and said it had protected me from identity theft.

It told me that the address the email showed to be coming from was a bogus one-thing-or-another but the real address was Microsoft's.

Now if it had told me it was the other way around I would have believed it. Figure that one out... How is security software going to figure out stuff like that, in a way that people can make sense of it?
--
You're an American. You get a free pass, but nobody rides for free.

TK Junk Mail
Go ahead, make my day
Premium
join:2002-03-03
Margate City, NJ
clubs:
·Comcast


edit:
December 12th, @09:10PM

Re: Wierd...

said by Mercurybird See Profile :

Along these lines... today I got one of the newsletters from Microsoft in the email that I'm subscribed to. At the time I was test driving Eeye's Blink software. Lo and behold it popped up and said it had protected me from identity theft.

It told me that the address the email showed to be coming from was a bogus one-thing-or-another but the real address was Microsoft's.
I get those MS newsletters too. Here is why Eeye is flagging it:
The msg ID in the headers has an entry like this:
Message-ID:
which implies that the msg came from a domain called phx.gbl. There is, of course no such internet domain name.
The from field has this:
Microsoft@newsletters.microsoft.com

Since the domains don't match Eeye flags it as potentially bogus.

So why is Microsoft doing this? And it is coming from Microsoft.

See a brief discussion here:
»artific.com/articles/2005/12/27/···cally_u/
and look for the parts that discuss phx.gbl.

For more do a google search on phx.gbl:
»www.google.com/search?num=100&hl···G=Search

--
Internet News
My BLOG
My Web Page

en102
Canadian, eh?

join:2001-01-26
Valencia, CA

Re: Wierd...

Possibly oversight on Microsoft's part.
Unfortunately, it will cause many messages to be rejected as spam, because the header isn't legit.
--
Canada = Hollywood North
raye
Premium
join:2000-08-14
Orange, CA

Old news

Talked about by Dan Kaminsky at Toorcon conference Sand Diego this past October. Think it was also mentioend at BlackHat/Defcon in Vegas last August.
lordofwhee

join:2007-10-21
Everett, WA

Re: Old news

This is even older than that.

This kind of attack has been around for at least a year before the last Defcon, probably longer.

It's already a well-established attack among the old-time favorites such as SQL injection, at least in the various groups I know/am a part of.

swhx7
Premium
join:2006-07-23
Elbonia
·RoadRunner Cable

Can you explain more about it? The article is vague. Is it a hack on the DNS servers, or ActiveX or other executable changing the client's DNS to one the attacker controls, or a combination of the two, or something else? And how is it a new type of attack rather than the already-known DNS exploits?

Posters at the Ars Technica thread discussed the possibilities today.

TK Junk Mail
Go ahead, make my day
Premium
join:2002-03-03
Margate City, NJ
clubs:
·Comcast

Re: Old news

said by swhx7 See Profile :

And how is it a new type of attack rather than the already-known DNS exploits?
I don't think it is really all that new. But the scale of the attack with 68,000 DNS servers that are compromised. And the combo of compromised DNS servers and the hack attacks on PC's to point to those servers.
raye
Premium
join:2000-08-14
Orange, CA

As someone mentioned it goes back further than the presentations I mentioned.

I recommend going to the BlackHat site and downloading the relevant paper/presentations.

»www.blackhat.com/html/bh-media-a···007.html

Dan Kaminsky's paper.

I have the video from Dan's more extended talk at Toorcon which shows how to exploit step-by-step. You might be able to order it as I did. The link for the paper is at »www.blackhat.com/html/bh-media-a···007.html
BosstonesOwn

join:2002-12-15
Everett, MA
clubs:
I have preached about it for more then a couple years. This isn't new , I have seen a couple examples of this before.
--
"It's always funny until someone gets hurt......and then it's absolutely friggin' hysterical!"
SuperG03
Premium
join:2004-01-26
00000

OpenDNS

This isn't quite on how to stop it, but I really like OpenDNS, because they are actively monitoring, and I am sure it would at least stop the "wrong" resolution from coming to you from another DNS server. It obviously can't stop your computer from being hacked, but atleast if you are sure you are connected to OpenDNS, then whatever it returns should be good, even if they had to redirect to another random DNS to get your result. FYI OpenDNS servers: 208.67.222.222 and 208.67.220.220

SuperG03

TK Junk Mail
Go ahead, make my day
Premium
join:2002-03-03
Margate City, NJ
clubs:
·Comcast


edit:
December 12th, @09:12PM

Re: OpenDNS

said by SuperG03 See Profile :

It obviously can't stop your computer from being hacked, but atleast if you are sure you are connected to OpenDNS, then whatever it returns should be good, even if they had to redirect to another random DNS to get your result. FYI OpenDNS servers: 208.67.222.222 and 208.67.220.220
Also, Opendns(if you register for free and turn on phishing protection) has a phishing database(phishtank) that they reference before returning the results of a DNS call.

And if you use Firefox browser, they also have 2 built-in phishing checking options you can choose.

Of course, as you pointed out, that doesn't stop this particular type of DNS attack from occurring where they hack your registry entry. But it does help with most other phishing attacks.
--
Internet News
My BLOG
My Web Page

jmn1207
Premium
join:2000-07-19
Reston, VA
·Verizon FIOS

Same Old Song and Dance?

"A victim would visit a Web site or open a malicious attachment that would exploit a bug in his computer's software.'

It seems like any other type of hack they tell me to worry about. What software bug should I be most concerned about and what type of malicious attachments should make me freak out?
apilosov

join:2002-12-27
Forest Hills, NY

This isn't just old. This is over 10 years old.

This is same stuff as Erdfelt discovered 10 years ago, and Kashpureff successfully demonstrated about same time.

See:
»packetstormsecurity.org/papers/p···info.htm
»www.networkworld.com/archive/199···___.html
AirGig

join:1999-11-21
New York, NY


edit:
December 13th, @01:30PM

Use OpenDNS and only permit DNS lookups to OpenDNS!?

Isn't a simple and comprehensive solution to this exploit to lock down DNS communication in the perimeter firewall from the LAN to Internet ONLY to OpenDNS (or another trusted DNS server), so an infected PC can't "look to" other (malicious) DNS servers!!?

TechieZero
Tools Are Using Me
Premium
join:2002-01-25
Wesley Chapel, FL

Re: Use OpenDNS and only permit DNS lookups to OpenDNS!?

Sure if OpenDNS prevents you from going to these sites and if your machine is not infected already.
zerog

join:2002-02-10
Dallas, TX
·Verizon FIOS


edit:
December 13th, @02:54PM

really?

DNSSEC: DNS Security Extensions
Securing the Domain Name System
»www.dnssec.net/

Seems to me that it all leads back to having sys admins that know how to keep their systems properly configured and patched. Of course, seeing the sheer number of these compromised servers says otherwise.

Same issue with SPAM. A large percentage comes from misconfigured/unpatched email systems.

Perhaps there would be a way for root DNS servers to hand out a security "word-of-the-day" downlevel, and if DNS servers are found to be compromised, then they get on a blacklist - no security word for you. DNS clients would check their DNS server against the word-of-day once per 24 hrs, etc.

All in all, this sounds alot like a typical security vendor press release. Read the last few paragraphs. Ok, it is a "university" study, and yes, it is a real problem, but... I debate the impact on phishing. Browsers will still throw up a redflag when you go to paypal.com and the SSL cert doesn't match up.

AnonDNSDude

@verizon.net

Redirect at the gateway...

All outbound DNS queries except those originating with my local DNS servers are now redirected to my local DNS servers...

You want DNS? You ask me, your provider. You ask someone else, I rewrite your request and answer it anyway.

Simple really.

TechieZero
Tools Are Using Me
Premium
join:2002-01-25
Wesley Chapel, FL

Re: Redirect at the gateway...

Yup. I wonder if Tomato et al can do this or does it already?
moschops
Premium
join:2003-12-20
Oakland, CA

Sign those responses

The answer seems obvious - sign those DNS response and make checking signatures part of the OS. Then only a root kit will thwart it...

Ultimately you know the government will try to make it illegal to attach any computer not running "sanctioned" (i.e. corporate sponsored) code to the Internet. Welcome to the Machine, where have you been?
Forums » DNS Hacks: 'Phishing 2.0'


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